Flexible cement roofing



April 11, 1939. v H w. GREIDER Er AL 2Q153,887

FLEXIBLE CEMENT ROOFI NG Filed Sept. 6, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet l ASPHALT Sano Ssn-waere CANVAS ASPHALT QSPHaL-r RooF .STRUCTURE INVENTORS April 11, 1939. H. w. GREIDER Er AL FLEXIBLE CEMENT ROOFING Filed Sept. 6, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1N VENTQRS Ld-fag L Patented Apr. 1l, 1939 UNITED STATES FLEXIBLE CEBIENT ROOFING Harold W. Greider, Wyoming, and George A. Fasold, Cincinnati, Ohio, assignors to The Philip Carey Manufacturing Company, a cor' poration of Ohio Application September 6, 1935, Serial No. 39,446

20 Claims.

Fig.1 is a vertical sectional view showing the roofing applied;

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of a portion of prepared roofing showing one longitudinal edge and the flap;

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatical showing of the various parts of Fig. 1;

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 are fragmentary perspective views showing various steps in the fabrication of another modification; and

Fig. '7 is a fragmentary perspective view of two roofing sheets embodying the invention in overlapping relation.

d In the drawings, in which like characters relate to nlike parts A is a lfoundation upon which the flexible roofing material is built. This foundation is preferably a sheet of asphalt saturated felt, although asphalt impregnated burlap or other suitable fabric may be used. lTo each surface of this foundation A may be applied a layer of coating asphalt of desired character. saturated felt sheet formingl the foundation is scored at K so as to provide an end portion C1 which may be readily detached from the body C lof the foundation A. As stated above layers of asphalt are preferably applied to the upper and lower surface of the foundation. The lower layer, however,v may, if desired, be dispensed with but the top layer Dis the cementing layer or mastic into which lis embeddeda woven fabric strip' F, preferably a f canvas orburlap that has been saturated with asphalt. This canvas extendsthe entire length of the roofing sheet but extends only-a portion ofthe 'way across the sheet.

:VAS clearly shown in 3 the saturatedY canvas 'fis arranged so thatait has one' edge registering f-"withthe fedge ofthe foundation portionr C1 and' `extends':inwarcll over the 'scoring-K toaa pointy f intermediate l the-scoring` and. 'the4 ropposite .f edge' f'tlije'ffoundati'on A; the distance 'dependingupon.:-Vv

the surface of this is applied a. layer H of sand or.other suitable fine granular or powdered material placed therein to lprevent adhesion of a Thel superposed layer of the prepared roofing to the saturated canvas strip F. Over the strip F is a layer E of asphalt saturated burlap which is coextensive in area with the area of the saturated ieltlfoundation A.

In the manufacture of the roong, it is preferable to stitch, by a row of stitching G extending longitudinally of the saturated burlap and the saturated canvas strip before applying the saturated canvas and the burlap to the layer of asphalt D on top of the saturated felt foundation A. The saturated burlap is held in adhesive contact with the saturted felt foundtion A by the layer of asphalt D on top of the foundation A except that area of the burlap sheet E which extends over the saturated canvas F. This area is kept free from adhesion or permanent adhesion with the saturated canvas F by a layer of sand ap'- plied over the surface of the canvas F as described above. After the burlap has been cemented to the foundation as stated, it may be 'given a coating of asphalt and sand or other suitable fine mineral may be applied over the weather surface either in the form of powder, granules or flakes and the lower surface of the saturated felt foundation A is preferably coated with so'apstone or other suitable non-adhering material to prevent adhesion of the convolutions, after which the prepared roofing is rolled for transportation.

In the application of the improved roofing a ply of the roofing B is laid on the roof and nailed in position thereon by nails or otherwise held in contact with the roof as for instance at J in Fig. 1. The next layer of roofing, as shown in Fig. 1, is then ready for applicatipn. Before applying it, however, the portion C1 is removed along the scoring K, which removes a portion of the saturated felt shown as C1 in Fig. 2 and a portion of the saturated canvas F with the sand coating I-I. The canvas F is provided with a scoring as isthe felt foundation A as indicated in Figure 3. Then `Athe ply of roofing is laid so that what was fornierly the scoring Khas, by removal'of the portion C1,'becomethelongitudinal edge of the roofing proper and this is laid close against the layer of roofing B as shown in Fig.-1,after which the ap shown in Fig. 2`consisting of the loose portion of `the saturated burlap strip'E is, after the' roong .-has'- been nailed or otherwise .xed in place, '1. brought down A over the nail -J .as shown in Fig. 1,

-if nails vare `used,;and` then cemented by a suitable tached and to the top surface of the next adjacent strip B, as shown in Fig. 1, so as to xedly cement, such as asphalt, to thevtop surface ofjthe s sand in the roofing strip to which the flap is at` secure the iiap in place. It will be seen that this prepared roofing applied as stated seals and protects nail heads and any joints between adjacent plies of roofing so as to avoid any deterioration of the roofing as it is applied by reason of any openings in the joints or any corrosion of the nails and has many other advantages. It will be noted that by having the portion C1 left in place but readily detachable, the roofing can be rolled without danger to the flap edge that would arise if the flap were not provided with the underlying protecting portion C1, especially when the roofing was being rolled and handled in transportation, since the flap end of the roll would not have sufficient strength to support the weight of the roll proper.

Another modified form of the invention is disclosed in Figures 4 to 7 inclusive. In this modication a burlap sheet E has one edge folded at M to provide a retroverted portion N which may be stitched to the main body of the sheet at G'. This sheet may be so folded previous to or after it has been treated with a saturant. In order to provide free overlapping edges, there may be interposed between the main body of the sheet E' and the retroverted end N any suitable non-adhesive material L, typified herein by a thin sheet of paper or similar material. This paper sheet may be adhered or otherwise secured with one face in contact with the bottom side of the burlap sheet E. The exposed or undersurface of the paper sheet is non-adhesive. Accordingly when the end ofthe burlap sheet is retroverted and stitched withv the base portion of the sheet at G the contacting surfaces of the paper sheet will be non-adhesive. Thereafter, the edge portion O may be cut away as indicated on the line P in order to render the non-adhesive edges free for overlapping. 'I'he retroverted portion N may be perforated or otherwise weakened at K' directly over the weakened portion K in the saturated felt sheet A to partially sever a marginal strip Q therefrom. During shipment the strip Q may be left in place to serve as a packing or filling strip to protect the overlapping edge and when the roofing is ready to be applied on the job the applicator may remove the packing or filling strip Q, said strip being readily removable by reason of its weakened adherence to the roofing sheet. y

Two similarly constructed roofing sheets are preferably overlapped as illustrated in Figure 7 with a plain edge R on one sheet overlapped by the lapping edge constructed as above described. The overlapped edges are secured by any suitable nailing means S, andthen a filling material T of bituminous cement or the like isl applied over the nails and the joint seam beneath the lapU which is thereafter secured in place by the cement. In this construction it will be readily apparent that in the overlapping edge the nails are entirely concealed and protected by the lap and the lapping edge securely covers the nails and seals the seam between the adjacent edges of the roong sheet. It will also be n'oted that the weather exposed surface of each roofing sheet consists of a smooth, continuous sheet of asphalt impregnated, coated and mineral surfaced fabric, without fold or seam at the lap.

While we have illustrated and described different embodiments ofthe invention it will be understood that there may be various changes in details of construction without departing from the spirit of same.

saturated layer, .a bituminous impregnated layer in adhesive contact therewith over the greater portion thereof, said last mentioned layer being free of engagement with said first layer along one edge thereof, said first layer having a scoring Vso as to provide a portion adapted to be easily removed from said layer along a line longitudinally of and intermediate the longitudinal edges of the portion that is free of engagement with the layer above it.

3. In a flexible roofing, a bituminous saturated layer having a readily removable marginal strip, and a bituminous impregnated layer in adhesive contact therewith over the greater portion thereof, said last mentioned layer being free of engagement with the readily removable strip and projecting over the readily removable strip and provided with a non-adhesive face portion.

4. In a flexible sheet roofing, a layer of bituminous saturated felt, a layer of impregnated fabric overlaying and in adhesive engagement with, except along a portion adjacent the edge of, said saturated felt and projecting beyond one edge thereof to provide an offset, a sub-layer of impregnated woven fabric in adhesive engagement with said felt and coextensiveV with and overlaying said portion of the felt with which the second layer is not in engagement, and means provided whereby a portion of said second layer above said woven fabric sub-layer is free of said woven fabric-sub-layer.

5. In a flexible sheet roofing, a layer of bituminous saturated felt, a layer of impregnated open mesh woven fabric over-laying and in adhesive engagement with, except along a portion adjacent the edge of, said saturated felt and projecting beyond one edge thereof to provide an offset, a sub-layer of impregnated woven fabric in adhesive engagement with said feit and coextensive with and overlayingsaid portion of the felt with which the second layer is not in engagement, and means provided whereby a portion of said second layer above said woven fabric sublayer is free of said woven fabric-sub-layer.

6. In a flexible sheet roofing, a layer of bituminous saturated felt, a layer of impregnated open mesh woven fabric overlaying and in adhesive engagement with, except along a portion adjacent the edge of, said saturated felt and projecting beyond one edge thereof to provide an offset, a sub-layer of impregnated woven fabric in adhesivev engagement with said felt and coextensive with and overlaying said portion of the felt with which the second layer is not in engagement, a non-adhesive material arranged between the said second layer and a portion of said woven fabric to prevent adhesion of same.

7. In a flexible sheet roofing, a layer of bituminous saturated felt, a layer of impregnated material overlaying and in adhesive engagement with, except along a portion adjacent the edge of, said saturated felt, a sub-layer of impregnated fabric in adhesive engagement with said felt and -coextensive with 'and overlaying said portion of the felt with which the second layer is not in engagement, and means provided whereby a portion of said second layer above said fabric sublayer isfree of said fabric sub-layer, 4and means whereby a portion of the` saturated felt and fabric sub-layer may be readily removed.

8. In a exible sheet roofing, a layer of bituminous saturated felt, a layer of impregnated open mesh woven fabric overlaying and in adhesive engagement with, except along a portion adjacent the edge of, said saturated felt, a sublayer Vof impregnated woven fabric in adhesive engagement with said felt and coextensive with and overlaying said portion of the feltwith which the second layer is not in engagement, and means provided whereby a portion of said second layer above said woven fabric sub-layer is free of said woven sub-layer, and means intermediate the longitudinal edges of said woven sub-layer flxedly attaching said sub-layer to the second layer.

9. In a roof, a roof covering composed of a plurality of sheets of flexible roofing material, each of said sheets having a foundation layer arranged in the same plane with a foundation layer of the next adjacent sheet, a layer of Woven material arranged over and in adhesive contact with said foundation layer adjacent one edge thereof, a layer of mesh material overlaying and in adhesive engagement with said foundation layer and extending beyond an edge thereof to overlap a portion of (an adjacent sheet, said mesh material being xedly attached to said woven material intermediate the edges of said woven ma terial, and in adhesive engagement with said woven material and the portion of next adjacent sheet of roofing which it overlaps.

10. In a roof, a roof covering composed of a plurality of sheets of flexible roong material, each ofsaid sheets having a foundation layer arranged in the same plane with a foundation layer of the next adjacent sheet, a layer of woven material arranged over and in adhesive contact with said foundation layer adjacent one edge thereof, a layer` of mesh material overlaying and in adhesive engagement with said foundation layer and extending beyond an edge thereof to lplurality of sheets of flexible roofing material,

each of said sheets having a foundation layer arranged in the same plane with a foundation layer of the next adjacent sheet, a layer of woven material arranged over and in adhesive contact with said foundation layer adjacent one edge thereof, a layer of mesh material, having a mineral top surface, overlaying and in adhesive engagement with said foundation layer and extending beyond said foundation layer over a portion of an adjacent sheet, said mesh material being fixed# ly attached to said woven material intermediate the edges of said woven material, and in adhesive engagement with said woven material and the portion of the next adjacent sheet of roofing Which it overlaps.

12. A prepared flexible sheet roofing having a foundation layer of bituminous saturated felt, a

relatively narrow layer of woven fabric overlaying and in adhesive contact with said felt, a layer of bituminous material overlaying said felt and under said Woven fabric, a layer of bituminous impregnated burlap projecting beyond one end of said felt and overlaying said. felt and said woven material and in adhesive engagement with said .felt by means of said layer of bituminous material and fixedly attached to said woven fabric, means to prevent a portion of said Woven fabric from adhesive engagement with said burlap, a bituminous coating on said burlap and a surfacing thereoverof mineral particles.

13. A prepared flexible sheet roofing having a 1 foundation layer of bituminous saturated felt, a

to prevent a. portion of said woven fabric from adhesive engagement with said impregnated fabric, a bituminous coating on said impregnated fabric and a surfacing thereover of mineral parv ticles, said felt and narrow layer of woven fabric being scored longitudinally so as to provide means for readily detaching a portion of the felt and woven fabric whereby the impregnated fabric layer will extend beyond the edge of the felt and .provide a lap to extend over the next adjacent roofing sheet when applied.

la. In a flexible sheet roofing, a bituminous saturated layer, a bituminous impregnated layer adhesively secured thereto over the greater portion thereof and retroverted at one edge, means inserted between the layers of the retroverted portion to render them non-adhesive and free from engagement, and a portion of the impregnated layer projecting beyond the edge of the saturated layer.

l5. In a flexible roofing, a bituminous saturated layer, Aa bituminous impregnated layer adhesively secured thereto `over the greater portion thereof and including double layers at one edge, means inserted to keep the double layers free from engagement along the edge, and a portion of one of the double layers adapted to be readily removed to cause the other layer to vprovide a stepped lapped portion.

16. In a flexible roofing, a bituminous impregnated layer, a second bituminous'impregnated layer adhesively secured thereto over the greater portion thereof and including double layers at one edge, and means inserted to keep the double layers free from engagement with each other along the edge and means provided whereby a portion of one of the double layers may be readily removed.

17. A prepared flexible sheet roofing having a foundation layer of bituminous saturated felt, a relatively narrow layer of impregnated woven fabric overlaying and in adhesive contact with said felt, a layer of bituminous material overlaying said felt and under said woven fabric, a layer of bituminous impregnated fabric coextensive with said felt and overlaying said felt and said woven fabric and in adhesive engagement with said felt by means ofsaid layer of bituminous material and fixedly attached to said woven fabric, means to prevent a portion of said woven fabric from adhesive engagement with said `bituminous impregnated fabric. a bituminous coating on said bituminous impregnated fabric and a surfacing thereover of mineral particles,

said felt being scored longitudinally so as to proin non-adhesive contact with a face portion of the foundation, and scoring the foundation to remove a portion of the foundation which is contiguous to the lap portion.

19. A roofing sheet comprising a fabric foundation impregnated with waterproofing material,

a lap portion provided on one edge having `one face juxtaposed in non-adhesive contact with a face portion of the foundation, and scoring provided in a portion of the foundation` which is contiguous to the lap portion to provide a readily removable portion of said foundation.

20. The method of making a weather surfacing sheet comprising impregnating a fabric foundation with waterproong material, superposing along the longitudinal margin of the foundation a waterproofed fibrous sheet, applying non-adhesive material to the underface of a portionv of the superposed sheet, and removing from the foundation a marginal strip lying beneath the superposed sheet to provide a lap portion.

HAROLD W,GREIDER. GEORGE A. FASOLD. 

